Bleeding gums is a common symptom of gum disease. Three in ten Australians are estimated to suffer from moderate to severe gum disease. However, there are several other bleeding gums causes, such as brushing too hard or using a toothbrush with bristles that are too stiff.
Bleeding gums can also signify other underlying health problems, such as diabetes or leukemia. If you experience bleeding gums, it is vital to see a dentist or doctor to determine the cause. Only a professional can properly diagnose and treat the underlying condition.
Bleeding Gums Causes: Gum Disease
Gum disease is the leading cause of bleeding gums. Gum disease is an infection of the gums that can damage the bone around the teeth. It is caused by plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth. Plaque can be removed with proper brushing and flossing, but if it is not removed, it can harden into tartar.
When plaque and tartar build up on teeth, it irritates the gums and causes them to become inflamed. This inflammation makes the gums more susceptible to bleeding.
There are two main types of gum disease:
- Gingivitis
Gingivitis is a mild form of gum disease characterised by red, swollen gums that bleed easily. Gingivitis can be uncomfortable and may cause the gums to begin to recede or pull away from the teeth.
- Periodontitis
Periodontitis is a more severe form of gum disease. It is caused by deep periodontal pockets that fill with bacteria, causing infection. This can lead to loss of bone and connective tissue around the teeth and requires prompt treatment from a dentist or periodontist.
Bleeding Gums Causes: Brushing Too Hard
When you brush your teeth, it is essential to use gentle circular motions. Using too much pressure can irritate the gums and lead to bleeding. If your gums regularly bleed when you brush, it is a good idea to switch to a toothbrush with softer bristles.
You may also want to try using an electric toothbrush, as they can be gentler on the gums. Many electric toothbrushes now come with pressure sensors that emit light or sound when you press too hard on your gums.
Bleeding Gums Causes: Hormonal Changes
During pregnancy, a dramatic increase in oestrogen and progesterone dilates the blood vessels in your gums, increasing blood flow.
These hormonal changes can cause the gums to become more sensitive and prone to bleeding, leading to a condition known as pregnancy gingivitis.
Pregnancy gingivitis is a form of gum disease that causes your gums to become swollen and bleed easily.
Pregnancy gingivitis typically resolves after the baby is born. However, it is essential to see a dentist or dental hygienist during pregnancy for regular cleanings to ensure that the condition does not progress to periodontitis.
Bleeding Gums Causes: Vitamin Deficiency
Vitamin C and K deficiencies can cause the gums to become weak and susceptible to bleeding. Vitamin C deficiency is the most common vitamin deficiency that can lead to bleeding gums. Vitamin C is needed to produce collagen, a protein that helps keep the gums healthy.
Vitamin K deficiencies are less common but can also lead to bleeding gums. Vitamin K is needed for blood clotting, and a lack of it can make the gums more prone to bleeding.
Bleeding Gums Causes: Ill-Fitting Oral Appliances
Dentures, braces, and retainers that don’t fit properly can rub against the gums, causing irritation and eventually leading to bleeding. If you have an ill-fitting appliance, a dentist or orthodontist can make the necessary adjustments. In some cases, you may need to have the appliance replaced.
Bleeding Gums Causes: Leukemia
Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood cells. People with leukemia often have abnormally high levels of white blood cells, which can cause the gums to become inflamed and bleed easily.
Bleeding Gums Causes: Injury
An injury to the mouth can cause the gums to bleed. This can happen if you accidentally bite your tongue or lip or if you have a cut on your gums. In most cases, the bleeding will stop on its own.
Periodontal Therapy for Gum Disease
There are several periodontal therapy options available to help treat gum disease. The type of periodontal therapy that is right for you depends on the severity of your gum disease.
- Scaling and Root Planing
Scaling and root planing is a deep cleaning technique that removes plaque and tartar from the gum line and roots. This treatment is often effective for patients with gingivitis.
The procedure involves numbing the gums and using a manual curette or ultrasonic handpiece to remove tartar buildup above and below the gum line. During root planing, a file is used to smooth the tooth root, prohibiting bacterial growth.
In cases of advanced gum disease, scaling and root planing may need to be repeated on multiple occasions.
- Pocket Reduction Therapy
For more advanced cases of gum disease, your dentist may prescribe pocket reduction therapy. This procedure involves removing diseased tissue and reshaping the gums to create a deeper pocket.
This periodontal therapy can also help improve your smile’s overall appearance by reshaping the gums.
- Gum Grafting Surgery
Gum grafting surgery is for patients who have experienced gum recession. This procedure helps to restore the gum line and protect the roots of the teeth from further damage.
During gum grafting surgery, a small piece of donor tissue is placed over the exposed root. Your own cells gradually build up over the donor tissue to regenerate the gum.
Get Treatment for Bleeding Gums at Toothsome
If you notice bleeding gums when you brush or floss your teeth, it’s important to get treatment. At Toothsome Implants Chatswood, we offer comprehensive dental care and work with you to develop a treatment plan tailored to your needs.
We offer a wide range of services, including gum disease treatment, dental implants, and Invisalign. We accept most major insurance plans and offer financing options to make treatment affordable. Contact us today to schedule an appointment.
- Sydney CBD on (02) 9159 3728
- Baulkham Hills on (02) 9158 6637
- Chatswood on (02) 8203 8786
Note: Any surgical or invasive procedure carries risks. Before proceeding, you should seek a second opinion from an appropriately qualified health practitioner.
References
What is periodontal disease?
https://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/conditions/periodontal-disease.html Oral signs of acute leukemia for early detection
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4284378/
Dr. David Willis is a highly skilled dentist in Chatswood with over 20 years of experience as a Medical Doctor and Dental Surgeon. Specialising in oral surgery, including dental implants and wisdom teeth removal, Dr. David Willis is known for his expertise and friendly approach, providing exceptional care to patients in the Chatswood area.
